Torispherical Head Dished Head Torispherical Head for Boiler According DIN28011

Introduction to Torispherical Head for Boilers According to DIN 28011

The Torispherical head, also referred to as a dished or flanged head, is a highly specialized component used in the design and construction of pressure vessels, tanks, and boilers. Its unique shape—combining a toroidal section and a dish with a fixed radius—provides an optimal transition from cylindrical vessels to end closures while ensuring structural integrity and pressure resistance. In this article, we’ll explore the key features, applications, and technical characteristics of Torispherical heads, particularly focusing on their use in boiler systems as per the DIN 28011 standard.

What is a Torispherical Head?

A Torispherical head is a type of vessel head that consists of a dish and a toroidal section (a spherical cap centered on the vessel), joined to a cylindrical section. The transition between the cylindrical body and the dish is called the knuckle, which has a toroidal shape. The Torispherical head is widely used due to its efficiency in handling internal pressures while requiring less material compared to a hemisphere, which is the ideal shape for pressure containment.

In comparison to Elliptical Heads, Torispherical heads offer easier manufacturing processes, making them suitable for larger diameter pressure vessels. These heads are commonly used in the construction of pressure vessels, tanks, and heat exchangers operating under high-pressure conditions.

Dimensional Characteristics of Torispherical Heads

Torispherical heads are designed with specific dimensional standards that cater to the requirements of the vessel or tank in which they will be installed. The key dimensions to be considered include the knuckle radius, crown radius, skirt length, depth, and thickness. When manufacturing Torispherical heads, the following characteristics are important:

• Knuckle Radius: The transition area between the cylindrical section and the dish. This radius plays a significant role in the structural integrity of the head under pressure.

• Crown Radius: The spherical portion of the dish. The size of this radius is a critical factor in determining the head's ability to withstand internal pressure.

• Skirt Length: This refers to the length of the cylindrical section that extends from the head into the main body of the vessel.

• Depth of Head: The depth is typically half the diameter of the head (h = D/2), which influences the overall pressure resistance of the head.

Torispherical Head vs. Elliptical Head

Compared to the elliptical head, the Torispherical head is often more cost-effective and easier to manufacture. For the same design pressure, design temperature, and material, the wall thickness of a Torispherical head is approximately half that of the shell thickness in the cylindrical portion of the vessel.

For instance, if the wall thickness for the cylindrical body under internal pressure is 12mm, the Torispherical head would typically require a thickness of around 6mm.

Applications of Torispherical Heads

Torispherical heads are designed for a variety of industrial applications where pressure containment and smooth transitions between sections are essential. Common uses include:

• Pressure Vessels: These heads are widely used as end closures in boilers, reactors, and distillation columns, especially in industries like oil & gas, chemical processing, and power generation.

• Storage Tanks: Torispherical heads provide a smooth transition between the tank body and the head, facilitating efficient storage of liquids and gases such as water, fuel, and natural gas.

• Heat Exchangers: These heads are often found in the construction of shell-and-tube heat exchangers used in industries such as food processing, pharmaceuticals, and HVAC systems.

Materials Used in Torispherical Heads

The material selection for Torispherical heads varies based on the application and the pressure conditions. Common materials include:

• Carbon Steel (SA516 GR60N, GR70N): Typically used for pressure vessels and tanks where moderate strength and durability are required.

• Stainless Steel (SA240 304, 316): Chosen for its resistance to corrosion in harsh environments.

• Titanium Alloys (SB256 GR1, GR2, GR5): Used in high-pressure, high-temperature applications requiring high strength-to-weight ratios and corrosion resistance.

Inspection and Testing of Torispherical Heads

Quality control is a crucial step in ensuring that Torispherical heads meet design and safety standards. Dimensional inspection is performed on key features such as the knuckle radius, crown radius, skirt length, depth, and thickness. Additionally, several non-destructive testing methods are employed to verify the integrity of the head:

• Drop Weight Test (DWTT): To test the toughness of the material.

• Low-Temperature Impact Test: Ensures the head can withstand extreme temperatures.

• Ultrasonic Testing (EN 10160, ASTM A435, A577, A578): Used to detect internal flaws or irregularities.

Upon passing these inspections, the Torispherical head is issued with a Mill Test Certificate (EN 10204 FORMAT 3.1/3.2) to confirm that the product meets the required specifications.

Conclusion

Torispherical heads, particularly those manufactured according to DIN 28011, are an essential component in the construction of pressure vessels, tanks, and boilers. Their ability to withstand high internal pressures while requiring less material than a hemispherical head makes them ideal for large-scale applications across various industries. With strict quality control, material selection, and dimensional inspection processes, Torispherical heads ensure safety, efficiency, and durability in demanding environments.

If you are looking for high-quality Torispherical heads for your pressure vessel projects, be sure to choose a trusted manufacturer with expertise in producing components in compliance with industry standards like DIN 28011.

Company information

Haipei industry can produce all types of dished ends heads. They can be manufactured from a number of steel types including pressure vessel and boiler quality, chrome moly and stainless steel. The company also offers 2:1 semi ellipsodial, hemispherical petals, torispherical ends as well as conical knuckled sections.

Haipei industry company is a leading producer of various types of dished heads, cones, and other special pressed products in different materials grades like Carbon Steel, Stainless Steel, Duplex, Super Duplex, Aluminum, Nickel and Nickel Alloys, Copper and Copper Alloys, Titanium and Its Alloys, Zirconium and all cladded material combinations.

Our Services

We offer our products in the following materials:

Carbon Steel: SA36, SA516-70, SA387 Grade 5 Class 2 (Forming Only), SA285 Grade C (Forming Only)

Stainless Steel: SA240T304/304L, SA240T316/316L, SA240T304H (Forming Only), SA240T904/904L (Forming Only)

Copper: O-Temper Material (Forming Only)

Aluminum: O-Temper Material (Forming Only)

Quality assurance
Quality is the most important aspect of strength.We will make the material from the material to the end of the monitoring, making sure that each part can be of high quality according to the regulations.Each program will be monitored to ensure any errors in the manufacturing process.
Competitive price guarantee
With years of experience, we can offer our customers the most competitive prices.At the same time, as a powerful factory, we can offer customers more favorable prices than other factories.
Delivery time guarantee
We will strictly control the manufacturing schedule to ensure punctual delivery.It can satisfy the customer's time schedule and ensure the continuous production of customers.

Packaging & Shipping

Carbon steel Hemispherical spherical head for Industrial hot blast stove

1. Iron Frame2. Wooden Box3. Iron pallet4.Wooden pallet.5.Professional fixation6. Curstomed requirment

FAQ

Q: What’s the information should I provide when inquiry?

A: Thanks for your question. If you have drawings, we will be entirely in accordance with production drawings . If you do not have the drawing, you can tell me the product data. There are several important data, such as material, type of head( We have elliptical head, hemispherical head, dished head, flat head, etc. ),diameter, thickness, special tolerances or requirements. We can do the drawings according to your requirements, and you confirm that the final product drawings.

Q: what are surface treatment of the product?

A:Thanks for your question. For carbon steel products, we sandblasting descaling product surface. For stainless steel products, we use acid to remove surface oil and impurities.

Q: How do you ensure the quality of products?

A: Thanks for your question.Our production staff is trained through national quality department, and obtain the corresponding certificate, with years of production and design experience. Weld must undergo X-ray inspection to ensure that no defects.

Q: Can you help us matching related products?

A: Thanks for your question. Our company also is surrounded by a lot of ancillary businesses, such as flanges, boiler, oil refining equipment, etc. We can help you matching the highest quality products with the lowest prices .

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