Dish End Heads

Introduction to Dish End Heads

Dish End Heads, commonly referred to as Pressure Vessel Heads, are essential components in the fabrication of pressure vessels. These heads serve as the end closures for the cylindrical shell of a pressure vessel, ensuring structural integrity and pressure containment. Other names for Dish End Heads include Formed Heads, End Closure, End Caps, Vessel Ends, and Vessel Caps. However, the most widely recognized term remains Dish Ends.

Types of Pressure Vessel Heads

There are four primary types of Dish End Heads used in pressure vessel fabrication:

1. Flat Heads

2. Ellipsoidal Heads

3. Torispherical Heads (Flange and Dished Heads)

4. Hemispherical Heads

Flat Heads

Flat Heads are the simplest form of pressure vessel heads. However, they are not widely preferred due to their limited pressure-withstanding capacity. Since Flat Heads lack sufficient radial section for effective pressure distribution, most of the stress is concentrated on the flat surface. This makes them less economical compared to other types.

Commonly Used Terms in Flat Heads:

• Flat Head Inside Diameter (ID)

• Knuckle Radius (R)

• Dish End Total Height (H)

• Straight Face (SF)

Ellipsoidal Heads

Ellipsoidal Heads are the most widely used type of Pressure Vessel Heads. Their design allows for a wider radial section, which enhances pressure distribution and increases their ability to withstand high pressure. These heads are highly preferred due to their structural efficiency. Typically, the thickness of an Ellipsoidal Head is approximately equal to the shell thickness, making it the most economical option. The most common configuration follows the 2:1 Ellipsoidal Section.

Commonly Used Terms in Ellipsoidal Heads:

• Inside Diameter (ID)

• Crown Radius (C.R)

• Knuckle Radius (K.R)

• Dish End Total Height (H)

• Straight Face (SF)

Although Ellipsoidal Heads are highly efficient, they require more time for forming compared to Flat and Torispherical Heads.

Torispherical Heads (Flange and Dished Heads)

Torispherical Heads are another widely used type of Dish End Heads. They provide a good balance between pressure distribution and ease of fabrication. While they can withstand high pressure, they are slightly less efficient than Ellipsoidal Heads. However, they are still preferred due to the reduced time required for forming.

For the same design conditions, the thickness of Torispherical Heads is approximately 1.77 times the shell thickness to withstand the same pressure and temperature.

Commonly Used Terms in Torispherical Heads:

• Inside Diameter (ID)

• Crown Radius (C.R)

• Knuckle Radius (K.R)

• Dish End Total Height (H)

• Straight Face (SF)

Torispherical Heads are also referred to as Flange and Dished Heads.

Hemispherical Heads

Hemispherical Heads offer the highest structural strength among all Dish End Heads. They provide the largest radial section, resulting in maximum pressure distribution. Due to their superior strength, for the same design conditions, the thickness of a Hemispherical Head is roughly half of the shell thickness, making them highly economical in terms of material usage.

However, the manufacturing process for Hemispherical Heads is time-intensive, which can make them less favorable for applications where fabrication time is a concern.

Commonly Used Terms in Hemispherical Heads:

• Inside Diameter (ID)

• Crown Radius (R)

• Dish End Total Height (H)

• Straight Face (SF)

Selection of Dish End Heads

The choice of Dish Ends depends on the design conditions and specific applications of pressure vessels. Fabrication requires precise calculations of various parameters such as:

• Dish End Terms

• Blank Diameter

• Weight

• Surface Area

• Volume Calculations

Understanding these parameters ensures the production of efficient and reliable pressure vessels. Among the four types, Ellipsoidal and Torispherical Heads remain the most widely used due to their balance of efficiency, economy, and manufacturability.

Conclusion

Dish End Heads are an integral part of pressure vessel fabrication, providing essential structural support and pressure containment. With various types available, each offers distinct advantages in terms of strength, manufacturability, and economy. Selecting the right type of Dish End Head ensures optimal performance, longevity, and cost-effectiveness in pressure vessel applications.

Company information

Haipei industry can produce all types of dished ends heads. They can be manufactured from a number of steel types including pressure vessel and boiler quality, chrome moly and stainless steel. The company also offers 2:1 semi ellipsodial, hemispherical petals, torispherical ends as well as conical knuckled sections.

Haipei industry company is a leading producer of various types of dished heads, cones, and other special pressed products in different materials grades like Carbon Steel, Stainless Steel, Duplex, Super Duplex, Aluminum, Nickel and Nickel Alloys, Copper and Copper Alloys, Titanium and Its Alloys, Zirconium and all cladded material combinations.

Our Services

We offer our products in the following materials:

Carbon Steel: SA36, SA516-70, SA387 Grade 5 Class 2 (Forming Only), SA285 Grade C (Forming Only)

Stainless Steel: SA240T304/304L, SA240T316/316L, SA240T304H (Forming Only), SA240T904/904L (Forming Only)

Copper: O-Temper Material (Forming Only)

Aluminum: O-Temper Material (Forming Only)

Quality assurance
Quality is the most important aspect of strength.We will make the material from the material to the end of the monitoring, making sure that each part can be of high quality according to the regulations.Each program will be monitored to ensure any errors in the manufacturing process.
Competitive price guarantee
With years of experience, we can offer our customers the most competitive prices.At the same time, as a powerful factory, we can offer customers more favorable prices than other factories.
Delivery time guarantee
We will strictly control the manufacturing schedule to ensure punctual delivery.It can satisfy the customer's time schedule and ensure the continuous production of customers.

Packaging & Shipping

Dish End Heads

1. Iron Frame2. Wooden Box3. Iron pallet4.Wooden pallet.5.Professional fixation6. Curstomed requirment

FAQ

Q: What’s the information should I provide when inquiry?

A: Thanks for your question. If you have drawings, we will be entirely in accordance with production drawings . If you do not have the drawing, you can tell me the product data. There are several important data, such as material, type of head( We have elliptical head, hemispherical head, dished head, flat head, etc. ),diameter, thickness, special tolerances or requirements. We can do the drawings according to your requirements, and you confirm that the final product drawings.

Q: what are surface treatment of the product?

A:Thanks for your question. For carbon steel products, we sandblasting descaling product surface. For stainless steel products, we use acid to remove surface oil and impurities.

Q: How do you ensure the quality of products?

A: Thanks for your question.Our production staff is trained through national quality department, and obtain the corresponding certificate, with years of production and design experience. Weld must undergo X-ray inspection to ensure that no defects.

Q: Can you help us matching related products?

A: Thanks for your question. Our company also is surrounded by a lot of ancillary businesses, such as flanges, boiler, oil refining equipment, etc. We can help you matching the highest quality products with the lowest prices .

Contact us